Diet and lifestyle are the two most persuasive constituents that influence escalating noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) which account for 80% of deaths globally. Hence, designing functional and novel food is the driving force behind the food industry innovation, which plays a pivotal role in matching customer demand and expectations for nutritious foods that are constantly rising. Latterly, microgreens have risen globally due to their high-density nutrients, and health-promoting bioactive secondary metabolites. Microgreens are tender greens larger than seedlings but smaller than mature vegetables. It has displayed substantial amounts of health-promoting effects as compared to their mature counterparts. Numerous literature have documented several studies on microgreens which include phytochemical analysis, nutritional assessment, enhanced shelf life, and therapeutic potential against chronic inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and type II diabetes mellitus which it exhibits via their high antioxidant potential. Bioactive metabolites of microgreens also account for nourishing the gut microbiome, which is essential for digestion and overall well-being. This review focuses on phytoceutical constituents of leguminous microgreens, the effect of growing conditions on their biological efficacies, and their probable underlying mechanisms at the cellular and molecular levels. We endeavor to facilitate further study on leguminous microgreens as a potent dietary component for its promising use in the prevention of diet-based disease.