A variant of description of the role of the surface layer in the appearance of adhesion forces is proposed. The reason for the appearance of these forces is the piezo effect—polarization of the dielectric material caused by the stress–strain state that arises during the formation of a free surface. The forces of adhesion are the Coulomb forces. They are generated by the inhomogeneous electric field generated near the dielectric surface by the material polarized due to deformation. They can affect both individual particles and elementary particles of solid or liquid material polarizable under their influence. Since the polarization vector is considered to be proportional to the strain tensor, the main attention in this work is given to the construction of a model of the surface layer. The model of its deformed state is built on the basis of ideas about nonlocal pair and triple interactions of particles of continuous materials, which the authors used earlier to describe adhesive interactions of electrically neutral media. A qualitative confirmation of the fairness of the results obtained in the work is considered to be the experimentally established effect of increasing the viscosity of polar liquid—water near the surface of the quartz channel. Theoretical constructions of the work are proposed to be used for estimation of the influence of coatings of channel walls with surface-active substances on the viscosity of liquid flows contacting with them.