This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on the long-term effectiveness of electrochemical realkalization (ER) in repairing chloride-induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures. Chloride-induced corrosion is a significant challenge in reinforced concrete, leading to structural degradation and substantial economic and environmental impacts. Traditional repair methods, such as patch repairs, cathodic protection, and concrete overlays, often fail to address the underlying chloride contamination, resulting in recurring corrosion issues. ER has emerged as a promising alternative by restoring the alkaline environment necessary to protect steel reinforcement and halt corrosion progression. This review explores the principles of ER and its application process and compares its effectiveness with traditional repair methods. Additionally, it analyzes long-term studies, highlighting factors such as material properties and environmental conditions that influence the success of ER. The findings underscore ER's potential as a cost-effective and durable solution for extending the service life of chloride-contaminated structures, particularly in challenging environments.