Advanced train control systems, such as ERTMS-ETCS and its future successors, that aim to increase the degree of autonomy of train driving, are based on algorithms strongly based on communication between geographically distributed computational elements. The high standards of safety and availability of rail transportation also impose high standards of safety and availability of such systems. Adopting formal methods for the specification and verification of distributed control algorithms is crucial to ensuring compliance with these high standards. Previous editions of DisCoRail (2019, 2021 [7], 2022 [8]), that since 2021 are tracks of ISOLA, have discussed the intertwining of formal methods and distributed computing in the design and development of innovative train control systems, with a specific focus on techniques to assess safety or availability, such as model checking or quantitative evaluation. This year’s edition aims to repeat the success of previous DisCoRail editions by stimulating discussion on these issues among researchers and experts from industry and academia.