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The rapid urbanization and industrialization of the past few decades have resulted in real-time ecological challenges, particularly concerning water contamination and environmental pollution. In addition to the rapid decrease of the normal environment, serious issues that impact all ecological systems include energyEnergy scarcity, confined availability, and too much use of unrenewable resources. The production of waste materials (WMs) is increasing exponentially day by day. Scientists are now working on the production of nanomaterialsNanomaterials (NMs) for various applications from WMs such as plastic, biomassBiomass, and industrial wasteIndustrial waste to minimize the burden of environmental pollution. This chapter is mainly focused on carbon-based nanomaterialsNanomaterials (CNMs) including carbon nanotubes (CNTs)Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and grapheneGraphene derived from the different types of WMs. Different synthesis processes and their characterizationCharacterization techniques for the determination of various properties such as structural, micro-structural, compositional, thermalThermal properties, etc. have also been discussed in detail. A thorough literature study on WM-derived (WD) grapheneGraphene (WD-graphene) and WD-CNTs from synthesis processes to their characterization of various properties is incorporated in this chapter.

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Waste-Derived Carbon Nanomaterials (WD-CNMs): Synthesis and Characterization

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Kulwinder Singh,
  • Sawini,
  • Deepak Kumar

摘要

The rapid urbanization and industrialization of the past few decades have resulted in real-time ecological challenges, particularly concerning water contamination and environmental pollution. In addition to the rapid decrease of the normal environment, serious issues that impact all ecological systems include energyEnergy scarcity, confined availability, and too much use of unrenewable resources. The production of waste materials (WMs) is increasing exponentially day by day. Scientists are now working on the production of nanomaterialsNanomaterials (NMs) for various applications from WMs such as plastic, biomassBiomass, and industrial wasteIndustrial waste to minimize the burden of environmental pollution. This chapter is mainly focused on carbon-based nanomaterialsNanomaterials (CNMs) including carbon nanotubes (CNTs)Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and grapheneGraphene derived from the different types of WMs. Different synthesis processes and their characterizationCharacterization techniques for the determination of various properties such as structural, micro-structural, compositional, thermalThermal properties, etc. have also been discussed in detail. A thorough literature study on WM-derived (WD) grapheneGraphene (WD-graphene) and WD-CNTs from synthesis processes to their characterization of various properties is incorporated in this chapter.