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Electronic health records (EHRs) contain sensitive patient information that needs to be securely shared among healthcare providers for coordinated care. Yet existing systems suffer from interoperability, transparency, and security issues due to fragmented, centralized databases. This paper proposes using blockchain technology to enable decentralized, tamper-proof sharing of EHRs. However, basic blockchains permanently record input data without verification, risking propagation of inaccurate records. To address this, a layered architecture is introduced comprising: 1) a patient verification layer for digitally confirming record accuracy, 2) a decentralized provider validation layer to establish consensus on patient-verified records before blockchain insertion using a tailored proof-of-authority (PoA) protocol, and 3) a permissioned blockchain for immutable storage and exchange of vetted records. The tailored consensus relies on provider reputations to incentivize validation participation while preventing collusions. Together the layered data validations and efficient consensus protocol enable reliable and accountable EHR sharing. Evaluations demonstrate the solution fostering over 80% accuracy in record verification along with maximized scalability, outperforming existing protocols. By focusing on collaborative data safeguards and tailored decentralized consensus, this work bridges the gaps in current blockchain health information exchange.

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Ensuring Integrity in Blockchain-Based Health Information Exchange through Collaborative Data Safeguards

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sounak Banerjee,
  • Sudhanyo Chatterjee,
  • Asif Iqbal Middya,
  • Sarbani Roy

摘要

Electronic health records (EHRs) contain sensitive patient information that needs to be securely shared among healthcare providers for coordinated care. Yet existing systems suffer from interoperability, transparency, and security issues due to fragmented, centralized databases. This paper proposes using blockchain technology to enable decentralized, tamper-proof sharing of EHRs. However, basic blockchains permanently record input data without verification, risking propagation of inaccurate records. To address this, a layered architecture is introduced comprising: 1) a patient verification layer for digitally confirming record accuracy, 2) a decentralized provider validation layer to establish consensus on patient-verified records before blockchain insertion using a tailored proof-of-authority (PoA) protocol, and 3) a permissioned blockchain for immutable storage and exchange of vetted records. The tailored consensus relies on provider reputations to incentivize validation participation while preventing collusions. Together the layered data validations and efficient consensus protocol enable reliable and accountable EHR sharing. Evaluations demonstrate the solution fostering over 80% accuracy in record verification along with maximized scalability, outperforming existing protocols. By focusing on collaborative data safeguards and tailored decentralized consensus, this work bridges the gaps in current blockchain health information exchange.