Integrating advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) has become crucial for enhancing urban management and security as urban centers evolve into smart cities. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to explore smart cities' security and surveillance dimensions, focusing on data protection and ethical AI use. By reviewing 745 articles indexed in Scopus from 1977 to 2023, we employ co-citation analysis, co-occurrence analysis, and bibliographic coupling to identify key thematic clusters and influential publications. The findings reveal the complex interplay between technological advancements and privacy concerns, highlighting the importance of a balanced approach to AI integration. This research provides valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers to develop strategies that enhance urban safety and efficiency while respecting individual privacy and fostering public trust. The study underscores the necessity of ethical standards and robust governance frameworks in deploying AI-powered security systems in smart cities.