We explore in this chapter the actors in (and their preferences) implementing selected policies relevant for the Global Compact on Refugees in Serbia and Tunisia. Serbia and Tunisia are priority countries for the EU as regards the foreign policy of migration and asylum. Serbia has become the central theatre on the “Balkan route” since 2015 and is on a EU membership path that requires significant reforms, including on the governance of migration and asylum. Tunisia is a key country of origin and transit for irregular migrants and asylum seekers travelling through the Central Mediterranean route, making it a priority for both Italy as a key member state, and for the EU as a whole. Both Serbia and Tunisia have endorsed the Global Compact on Refugees, which provides policy guidance on a range of issues on asylum, from reception to integration. Yet, the two countries have pursued different approaches towards the Compact’s core elements. Utilizing a lens of “political responsibility”, we examine how in Serbia and Tunisia domestic and international actors share asylum policies.