Trends in the Use of Water Resources in Bulgaria
摘要
The political changes in Bulgaria after 1989 and the transition from a centralized to a democratic market economy were accompanied by severe demographic and socio-economic crises, which led to a decrease in total water consumption for the population and the industry. In this context, the present work examines trends in the use of water resources in Bulgaria from 1990 until 2020, based on publicly available information provided by the National Statistical Institute (NSI). The check for tendencies was made using a linear trend. The statistical significance of the regression line was assessed by the Mann-Kendall test. Results show a statistically significant negative trend for total withdrawn freshwater volumes during the investigated period, in contrast to the more dynamic changes in water consumption by economic sectors. The branch of agriculture stands out, which, due to the land reform, the change in ownership, and the unclear vision for further development, remains incompletely reformed, with a sharp drop in the output production and a correspondingly decreasing share of water use. This work analyzes the current trends in the use of water resources in Bulgaria under a weakening anthropogenic pressure. The obtained results, on the one hand, will enrich the past studies, and on the other hand, they will be a good basis for the following ones.