Robot-Based Assembly of Hydrogen Tube Fittings for Large-Scale Electrolyzers
摘要
Hydrogen is one of the main pillars in the transition to renewable energy and can be used in particular for buffering and storing energy. Electrolyzers are needed to produce sustainable, green hydrogen. Today, these electrolyzers are mainly manufactured by hand. An electrolyzer plant consists of two main components, the stack in which the actual electrolysis takes place and the balance of plant that ensures the operation of the stack. Different electrolysis technologies have essential similarities in the balance of plant so that automation can achieve optimization potentials at this point. Automation technologies such as industrial robots are intended to bring this production to series maturity. For this reason, large-scale electrolysis plants are analyzed with regard to their design, the combination of different electrolysis technologies, and the connection technology used. A significant proportion of the necessary assembly steps are cable, hose, and tube connections, which automation technology has not yet been able to assemble in a process-safe and economical manner. In this paper, the process of tube connection using tube nuts is explained in more detail, and a design system for a robotic tool is presented. This end-effector is designed for industrial robots and is intended to make series production more economical. For this purpose, the necessary information processing, material flows, and energy transformations are investigated, and their interrelationships are presented. This publication aims to evaluate a suitable physical operating principle for bolting hydrogen tube nuts.