The aerospace sector seeks to attract and retain women for its future and growth, driven not only by the need to address gender imbalances but also by a global shortage of qualified employees, particularly in traditionally male-dominated roles such as pilots, mechanics, and top managers. Beyond numerical expansion, increasing women’s participation in aeronautics brings diversity in skills and talent, which are the cornerstones of innovation and competitiveness. Promoting equality and diversity in the workforce fosters creativity and efficiency. However, the gender gap in aerospace is rooted in persistent stereotypes that impact women’s career paths from school to university. Here, we discuss the gender gap in aerospace by focusing on multiple aspects, including women’s interest in aerospace, their confidence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects, educational contexts, gender stereotypes, and employment opportunities. Recognizing the importance of these factors and implementing interventions to drive substantial and lasting change in women’s interest and involvement in aerospace is crucial for the sector’s long-term growth and success.