Long thoracic nerve injury causes scapular winging and inability to abduct the shoulder beyond 90°. It can be involved in direct trauma or Parsonage–Turner syndrome. The thoracodorsal nerve is a good donor for nerve transfer. The thoracodorsal nerve can also be used to reinnervate the triceps branch of the radial nerve. Latissimus dorsi has been used to reconstruct elbow flexion after brachial plexus injury.