Obesity and binge-eating disorder (BED) are diagnoses that significantly threaten both mental and physical health. These conditions often co-occur and exhibit a bidirectional relationship, sharing common neurobiological underpinnings and neuroimaging findings. Past research suggests dysregulation between reward and control systems, emotional processes, as well as impairments in attention and memory functions in affected individuals. Structural and functional differences have been observed in numerous cortical and striatal areas, as well as in brain regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala. However, our current understanding of the nature of these conditions remains insufficient to address the outcomes. This section will discuss the neurobiology and neuroimaging findings of obesity and BED.