End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have a variety of complex effects as a result of long-term dialysis. This chapter elucidates the physiological ramifications, such as metabolic acidosis, disturbances in electrolyte levels, and issues related to the cardiovascular system, emphasizing the urgent requirement for efficient therapeutic measures. The study also examines the psychological challenges faced by dialysis patients, including the significant occurrence of sadness and anxiety, and emphasizes the significance of holistic care strategies. The chapter promotes a comprehensive therapy approach that combines nephrology, psychology, and social support to enhance patient results. The findings underscore the importance of multidisciplinary therapies in improving the quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are undergoing long-term dialysis.