Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health challenge, particularly in developing nations. Identifying TB biomarkers is critical for vaccine development, early diagnosis, and preventive treatment. Various strategies, including targeted and untargeted approaches, such as proteomic, genomic, and transcriptomic methods, are being pursued to identify TB biomarkers. In general, research and management programs prioritize the identification of biomarkers due to their critical role in diagnosis, understanding disease progression, and potentially predicting disease onset. However, factors, such as age, sex, quality of life, and socioeconomic determinants, are often overlooked, potentially compromising the reliability of biomarkers. Amidst these efforts, it is essential to acknowledge that TB patients continue to experience a low quality of life, indicating the pressing need for improvement to enhance treatment adherence and overall well-being. This chapter discusses the disease’s impact on the individual’s life and the poorly understood relationship between biomarkers and quality of life measures in TB, addressing factors extending beyond the infectious disease. These include the side effects of TB treatment, sociodemographic determinants influencing disease dynamics, the necessity for pulmonary rehabilitation post-cure, and the often-neglected mental health aspects within the realm of biomarkers.