The term Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) is typically used to denote forms of prefabrication. Although not a new phenomenon in and of itself, it has recently come to be recognized as an essential instrument in tackling the global housing shortage, and the ecological challenges, while providing resilience to disruptive phenomena. This chapter scrutinizes some of the main historical transformations of the concept of prefabrication, from initiations, through the major developments in the period around the World Wars, up to the most recent re-categorization within the framework of Modern Methods of Construction, which includes also the cutting-edge technologies which are disrupting the construction industry. By examining the historical context in which these methods developed, this chapter aims to bring the reader to reflect upon the potential they hold for transforming the built environment in response to contemporary challenges, while also providing a memory of the fall they have gone through in history. Finally, this section provides a synopsis of the MMC industry’s recent rise to prominence as a self-described disruptor of conventional on-site building.