This article systematically reviews the literature on managing sustainable agri-food supply chains through blockchain technology. To this end, we consulted several academic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, ABI Inform, Google Scholar, Agricola, CabAbstracts, and Hal Sciences). The results demonstrate a consensus in the research indicating that blockchain could contribute to the transition towards more sustainable agri-food supply chains. On the other hand, the adoption and implementation of such technology face several challenges, particularly related to its complexity, high cost, lack of regulation, and data security. Specifically, the intricate ways in which blockchain technology reshapes governance structures and practices within supply chains, as well as the interaction between the technology and current sustainability standards remain important issues to explore in future research.