Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have aroused great interest due to their high efficiency in the removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in wastewater. The most representative types of AOPs are photocatalytic oxidation, Fenton oxidation, electrochemical oxidation, ozonation and plasma oxidation; in addition, the combination of these processes or other treatments generates hybrid technologies or treatments that stand out for their improved performance. These AOP technologies have been implemented on a large scale for treatment of drinking water and water reuse facilities; however, for the treatment of wastewater with high content of PTEs, the investigations are still at the laboratory and pilot scale. This chapter presents the results for two AOP treatments, heterogeneous photocatalysis and photo-Fenton process, at the laboratory scale. These treatments show high efficiency and great potential as a management of cyanide removal from wastewater of gold mining industry in southern Bolivar (Colombia). The results provide a basis of information and methodology to guide the application of this technology in the treatment of wastewater from mining processes.