Monitoring and Transparency Aspects of MGR-Utilization Under the BBNJ Agreement
摘要
This chapter examines monitoring and transparency aspects in the governance of marine genetic resources (MGR) as outlined in Article 16 of the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ). It focuses on the development, negotiation history, and operational dynamics of a monitoring and transparency system which combines notification and reporting processes with digital identifiers to streamline the tracing of MGR utilization. By comparing these new measures with existing international frameworks, the chapter assesses the potential gaps and future policy developments necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the monitoring and transparency mechanism in promoting equitable benefit-sharing and responsible use of MGR.