Competition between buyers has an impact on prices charged by upstream suppliers and consequently on prices or quantities in downstream markets. Hence, buyers having alone sufficient buying power can influence market prices or coordinated buyers can form a single purchasing group to achieve the same result. While buyers involved in such conduct may at first be deemed to be agreeing on price fixing, not all forms of cooperation between buyers do fall within the scope of competition law and illegal practices. For example, small buyers concluding group purchasing agreements could also benefit from cost reductions that they can then pass on to consumers by lowering their prices and thereby establishing economic efficiency.