Seizures are commonly encountered in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and are one of the most common chronic conditions treated by paediatric neurologists. Τhe estimated prevalence of seizure burden ranges from 20% to 45% in children with CP. More than 50% of infants with CP are born at or near term, with the vast majority having pre-peri-postnatal problems. Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, ischaemic stroke or perinatal strokes, and intracranial haemorrhage are the most common causes in neonates. The most prominent seizures are focal aware or focal impaired awareness seizures (motor, nonmotor) and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic. A combination of perinatal and clinical history, physical examination, prenatal and antenatal sonography, and neuroimaging, they help significantly for early diagnosis and early intervention to optimise οutcomes. This chapter describes the aetiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of epilepsy in children with CP.

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Epilepsy in Children with Cerebral Palsy

  • Athanasios Covanis,
  • Christos P. Panteliadis

摘要

Seizures are commonly encountered in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and are one of the most common chronic conditions treated by paediatric neurologists. Τhe estimated prevalence of seizure burden ranges from 20% to 45% in children with CP. More than 50% of infants with CP are born at or near term, with the vast majority having pre-peri-postnatal problems. Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, ischaemic stroke or perinatal strokes, and intracranial haemorrhage are the most common causes in neonates. The most prominent seizures are focal aware or focal impaired awareness seizures (motor, nonmotor) and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic. A combination of perinatal and clinical history, physical examination, prenatal and antenatal sonography, and neuroimaging, they help significantly for early diagnosis and early intervention to optimise οutcomes. This chapter describes the aetiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of epilepsy in children with CP.