One of the fundamental elements in the world of Pavane, an inescapable feature that has to be central to any evaluation of the book, is the role of religion. This is not just the fact that the Catholic Church plays the part of the villain in this story, something that Roberts would later come to regret, but ranged against the Church and the social and economic system it has created, are other belief systems. The dissent that runs throughout the story cycle is intimately connected to an unlikely alliance of other belief systems. Anglicanism survives as an underground movement, but here it works in concert with folk beliefs, with the Fairies, and with a survival of Norse mythology. This chapter examines how the interplay of these competing belief systems is essential to the structure of the story and any interpretation of what happens.