In the present times, built heritage is often threatened by destruction and decay, whether due to age, natural disasters, the succession of historical layers, lack of maintenance, etc. Therefore, the need for its preservation is no longer a debate. According to the literature, the preservation of built heritage consists of a chain of operations: from designation to classification, passing through conservation, restoration, and finally publication, using all available means. It is, therefore, quite natural that each advance in the digital field ends up finding an application in the preservation of this heritage. Whether through the advancement of techniques for data acquisition, representation, or database management, the heritage field is constantly searching for new methods to convey the most comprehensive and precise image of buildings. The present work will focus on one link of this chain: restoration. The restoration operation requires both a geometric representation of the building as precisely as possible as well as the handling of various semantic data to describe the building and the various interventions required for the restoration project. A need then arose for a technology that could address both of these aspects and centralize all the data to enhance accessibility. Fortunately, the construction field already employs a technology known as BIM (Building Information Modeling) software, which functions as 3D databases for buildings throughout their entire lifecycle. This technology is of particular interest to the scientific community due to its potential in documenting heritage buildings. This interest led to the emergence of a dedicated field of study to create a heritage counterpart to BIM, known as HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modeling). HBIM focuses exclusively on the management of historical data and explores how BIM, originally designed for modern constructions, can be adapted for such purposes. However, it is difficult to find a clear methodology for the application of this technology to tangible cases of restoration projects of built heritage, especially in Algeria, which has a rich heritage and a specific regulation regarding restoration. Thus, the purpose of our work is to propose an HBIM model of a historical building in Algeria, namely, the Beys Palace at the Citadel of Algiers, currently undergoing restoration and representing an example of Algeria’s built heritage. Through the elaboration of this model, a method for applying HBIM is proposed in order to meet the theoretical requirements of the restoration as well as Algerian regulations. This is done by verifying the assumptions of the various missions that it stipulates on the one hand and by suggesting solutions to overcome any possible shortcomings on the other hand.

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Proposal of a Method for the Application of the HBIM in the Restoration of the Algerian Built Heritage

  • Mohamed Anis Doumaz,
  • Sabrina Kacher

摘要

In the present times, built heritage is often threatened by destruction and decay, whether due to age, natural disasters, the succession of historical layers, lack of maintenance, etc. Therefore, the need for its preservation is no longer a debate. According to the literature, the preservation of built heritage consists of a chain of operations: from designation to classification, passing through conservation, restoration, and finally publication, using all available means. It is, therefore, quite natural that each advance in the digital field ends up finding an application in the preservation of this heritage. Whether through the advancement of techniques for data acquisition, representation, or database management, the heritage field is constantly searching for new methods to convey the most comprehensive and precise image of buildings. The present work will focus on one link of this chain: restoration. The restoration operation requires both a geometric representation of the building as precisely as possible as well as the handling of various semantic data to describe the building and the various interventions required for the restoration project. A need then arose for a technology that could address both of these aspects and centralize all the data to enhance accessibility. Fortunately, the construction field already employs a technology known as BIM (Building Information Modeling) software, which functions as 3D databases for buildings throughout their entire lifecycle. This technology is of particular interest to the scientific community due to its potential in documenting heritage buildings. This interest led to the emergence of a dedicated field of study to create a heritage counterpart to BIM, known as HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modeling). HBIM focuses exclusively on the management of historical data and explores how BIM, originally designed for modern constructions, can be adapted for such purposes. However, it is difficult to find a clear methodology for the application of this technology to tangible cases of restoration projects of built heritage, especially in Algeria, which has a rich heritage and a specific regulation regarding restoration. Thus, the purpose of our work is to propose an HBIM model of a historical building in Algeria, namely, the Beys Palace at the Citadel of Algiers, currently undergoing restoration and representing an example of Algeria’s built heritage. Through the elaboration of this model, a method for applying HBIM is proposed in order to meet the theoretical requirements of the restoration as well as Algerian regulations. This is done by verifying the assumptions of the various missions that it stipulates on the one hand and by suggesting solutions to overcome any possible shortcomings on the other hand.