The long-standing dream of intelligent machines might have become true today. However, it is far from clear what intelligence is and whether it can be attributed to machines. This entry presents Artificial Intelligence (AI), the discipline devoted to design and implement artifacts with supposedly intelligent capabilities, and discusses some of its conceptual (mostly philosophical) foundations. Illustrating AI through a philosophical lens highlights some key elements of it: the coexistence of different approaches and views; the long research tradition devoted to representing the human mind through different means; the computationalist and functionalist stances of AI and their philosophical criticism; and the methodological challenges of a discipline dealing with the notion of artificiality. While discussing these elements, it emerges that at the core of AI as a scientific and engineering discipline stands the effort of designing machines as humans and of reducing humans to machines.