This entry examines the background context, debates, challenges, and possibilities for psychology of the surrealist movement which began and was centered in post-World War I Paris. Key figures, ideas, and themes are discussed, with particular attention given to the relevance to psychology. Surrealism’s origins in Dadaism are noted before describing the role of André Breton’s 1924 Manifesto and leadership and his circle, which at various times included writers such as Paul Éluard, Jacques Prévert, Antonin Artaud, and Robert Desnos, artists including Max Ernst and Salvador Dalí, photographers such as Man Ray and Claude Cahun, and filmmakers including Luis Buñuel, Germaine Dulac, and Jean Cocteau. Surrealistic influences in politics and music are also noted. The relationship between Surrealism and psychoanalysis including Freud and Lacan is discussed, especially concepts such as free association, dream analysis, and automatic writing. The legacy and influence of Surrealism for contemporary arts, psychology, and society are discussed.