This entry addresses an underexplored dimension of reflexive thematic analysis (RTA): its potential for engaging with nonlinguistic materials such as images, sounds, and audiovisual data. While thematic analysis—and RTA in particular—has become one of the most widely used qualitative analytic approaches in psychology and the social sciences, most empirical applications to date have remained focused on verbal and textual materials. This predominance of language raises both methodological and epistemological questions regarding what counts as analyzable meaning within thematic inquiry. The entry introduces the origins, core principles, and main applications of thematic analysis, with particular attention to the reflexive orientation developed by Braun and Clarke. It then examines ongoing debates concerning theme construction, highlighting how representational assumptions and a residual Cartesian dualism—privileging mental representation and discursive meaning—may constrain the analytic engagement with affective, embodied, and material dimensions of experience. Drawing on Spinoza’s monist philosophy, the entry explores emerging possibilities for rethinking thematic construction beyond language, emphasizing affect, embodiment, and materiality as central to meaning-making. Without discarding the strengths of RTA, it outlines initial orientations and considerations for engaging thematically with nonlinguistic data. Overall, the entry aims to contribute to a more inclusive and sensorially attuned qualitative methodology, capable of engaging with the richness of human and more-than-human experiences across multiple modalities.