Occam’s Razor, a principle attributed to fourteenth-century philosopher William of Ockham, is a heuristic procedure guiding problem-solving and theory building. It states that among competing hypotheses, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected. Widely applied across disciplines such as philosophy, science, and artificial intelligence, it emphasizes simplicity without sacrificing explanatory power. Despite its utility, Occam’s Razor faces criticism for potentially oversimplifying complex phenomena. This entry explores its historical origins, philosophical significance, debates surrounding its application, and its interdisciplinary possibilities in contemporary contexts.