Shweder, Richard Allan
摘要
Although Richard A. Shweder studied social anthropology, he has had a decisive influence on both developmental and cultural psychology. He is one of the most influential proponents of a cultural relativist approach in psychology and has made a significant contribution to critically questioning western-centric assumptions about morality, self, and development. For example, he questioned the universal validity of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. Instead, he proposed a model of three ethics that understands moral judgments as culturally structured systems of interpretation. He coined the name of the discipline for the English-speaking world in cultural psychology. In doing so, he gave the culture and personality studies a new home by understanding culture and personality not as additive but as interpenetrating. His ideas are very close to those of Ernst E. Boesch, who shaped cultural psychology in the German-speaking world.