Philip Cushman
摘要
Philip Cushman (1945–2022) was a trailblazing thinker who significantly impacted the field of psychology by interrogating its moral, political, and historical underpinnings. Cushman argued forcefully that psychological theories are forms of moral discourse, never value neutral or culturally neutral. Instead, they are embedded within specific contexts, shaped by prevailing ideologies, and implicated in reflecting and reinforcing the socioeconomic and political status quo. Over a four-decade career, Cushman was an original and moral voice in the discipline, drawing from vast sources as far ranging as Jewish Midrashic tradition, Heideggerian philosophy, and American history. Cushman’s analyses have made important contributions to psychology’s understanding of itself and the nature of clinical training, contributing to a substantive shift from more individualistic ideological paradigms to ones which prioritize the contextualization of self and healing within their cultural and historical context.