The Impact of Flood Risk on the Livelihoods of Market Women in Urban Ghana
摘要
As late but fast urbanizes, Africa’s cities face manifold vulnerabilities due to overlapping risks resulting from localized conditions that are exacerbated by climate change. Surprisingly, little is known about how weather extremes disproportionately impact poor urban populations. This chapter examines the differential impact of flood risk on the lives and livelihoods of market women in Ghana and the strategies they employ to cope with and navigate their trade. A range of qualitative methods was drawn on, wherein initial interviewing was extended into mobile methods through ‘follow-along participant observation’ (FAPO) in the Makola market. The floods and jolts faced by market women manifest in damaged road infrastructure and access routes, disrupted livelihoods and supply chains, interrupted water, electricity, and sanitation services, inflicted psychological agony, and everyday coping/adaptive strategies. To forge their livelihoods amidst these dysfunctional effects, market women utilize a variety of reactive, recovery, and preventive strategies including adjusting the business type, scale, and supply networks, and relying on external help. The paper concludes by articulating how the differentiated and dysfunctional impact of floods faced by market women necessitates tailoring effective policy formulation and intervention toward sustaining their livelihoods and building their resilience in all weather conditions.