The demand for sustainable construction materials is on the rise with global urbanization, demanding an intensified search for innovative solutions. This study investigates the utilization of marine dredged sediments (DS) as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). The DS was calcined to improve its pozzolanic properties. An extensive examination of the physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of raw and calcined DS was conducted. Subsequently the pozzolanic activity through suspension studies and paste studies were assessed. Comparative analyses with traditional cementitious materials offer crucial insights into the potential of calcined DS as a cement replacement. The calcination of DS affected its pozzolanic properties. Findings reveal that the material calcined to specific temperatures possesses pozzolanic potential comparable to that of fly ash. The compressive strength of mortar incorporating calcined DS was found to be comparable to that of fly ash-based mortar. These results underscore the viability of calcined DS as an effective cement substitute in construction applications, offering both sustainable and performance benefits.