Composite Facade with Timber and Concrete Connected by Bonding
摘要
The harmonious integration of wood and concrete in facade elements represents a breakthrough in construction, offering a synergistic combination of their respective properties. The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the field of building emphasizes the need for developing structures including more wood. The facade elements including wood as a structural component will also reduce the thermal insulation of the walls. The bonding between the two materials not only guarantees resistance to environmental and mechanical stresses but also minimizes the risk of premature deterioration, even though it can accede a lot of advantages, this method needs to be studied, particularly in the case of wood–concrete facades. Analysis of the mechanical response to thermal load becomes an essential aspect in the design of glued wood–concrete facades. When a facade is subjected to thermal loading with a difference between internal and external walls, the materials of which it is composed, such as wood and concrete, may react in different ways due to their different coefficients of thermal expansion, these materials can expand or contract at distinct rates in response to a temperature change. This dimensional variation can lead to stress concentration at the interface, which can affect bond quality. This research presents in detail the experimental results of wood–concrete façade panels and aims to understand the thermal responses and expansions induced by a thermal gradient applied to façade panels. It also involved targeted heating of the concrete and cooling of the wood to create a controlled thermal gradient. The results were analyzed in terms of temperature variations observed on the facade surface, as well as thermal expansion measurements taken on both the wood and concrete sections. These observations revealed distinct behaviors between the two materials in response to thermal variations, underlining the importance of judicious design to ensure the stability and durability of composite façade panels.