The state of Qatar forms a small peninsula in Arabia, with an area of 11,571 km2 that lies between 24°and 27°N and 50° and 52°E. It has a length of 186 km north from Saudi Arabia, and varies in width between 55 and 90 km. Much of the country is flat with a highest elevation of 103 m a.s.l. The soil consists of a low barren plain covered with rocks, sand, or small dunes, with arable land representing only 1.6%. Qatar’s climate is hot and arid with an average annual mean temperature of 27°C and 75 mm rainfall/year. There are no forests in Qatar and the coverage of vegetation is scarce. Qatar is one of the few countries in the world where there is no permanent natural source of surface freshwater, and the shallow rainfed aquifers that supported the population prior to the 1950s are long since depleted and salinized. Because of this there are no native amphibian species in Qatar. Since the absence of surface freshwater prevented amphibians from colonizing Qatar in the past, the rapid economic development along with its dramatically increased availability of freshwater provided greater opportunities for amphibians. Surface freshwater habitats started to be artificially created either for irrigation or for ponds used to treat wastewater. Toads were imported into the country even before the creation of wetlands, but started to spread soon after the construction of wetlands and irrigated farms. Presently, the confirmed established toad species in Qatar is the African common toad, Sclerophrys regularis. Although this introduced species has been part of the fauna of Qatar for decades; it’s persistence in Qatar is problematic. Despite their ecological values and societal services, the long-term permanence of Qatar’s artificial wetlands faces strong challenges resulting from human activities associated with sustained population growth, habitat-degradation, intensive agricultural practices, and coastal development.