Syria has a broad range of natural landscapes, including mountains, forests, rivers, lakes, and arid landscapes that promoted the diversification of its amphibian fauna. Syrian amphibians presently consist of eight species belonging to five families. To map their occurrence, we reviewed available literature supplemented by new data obtained from our own field observations during 2019–2023. The present report provides the most comprehensive information available on the taxonomy of Syrian amphibians, their historical and current geographic ranges, the threats facing them, and their conservation status as recently assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Overall, we recorded 199 literature records of species’ occurrences from 118 localities and obtained 145 new records from 113 localities during our own study, thereby increasing the known occurrences by 100%.