The concept of sustainability encompasses the idea that the resources of the earth are exhaustible and limited, so they must be used responsibly and conservatively, to reduce the adverse effects that can negatively influence the environment. One of the best examples in this regard is the increasing amount of waste present both in the waters and on the ground and which has a fairly large impact on the quality of people’s life, negatively impacting the environment. This paper aims to detail and present the concept of sustainability and some of its associated concepts, in connection to life cycle assessment (LCA) studies. The notions of circular economy, zero waste, climate change, and greenhouse gases are discussed. Then the conceptualization of the LCA studies is presented, as an effective tool to analyze and measure the environmental impacts of products and services.