Many methods such as Lean, Six Sigma, Kaizen and others assist you with identifying areas for improvement in your organization. To follow up with the identification of issues, you should employ optimization and operational efficiency methods to provide a robust framework for change and improvement. This chapter provides a high-level overview of some concrete operational methods that can be used to develop quantitative solutions. The methods, data used and decisions that are made with these methods are also presented. This provides a basis of methods that you can investigate further to improve your operations. These methods can serve as a foundation in quantitative decision making by integrating the data with robust methods and decision-making techniques to effectively model and improve your operating environment.