Corrosion of Additively Manufactured Metallic Components
摘要
In modern industries such as marine, the rising costs from corrosion attacks are a significant challenge. Additive Manufacturing (AM) stands out for crafting intricate components with unique geometries. The inherent high cooling rates and nonequilibrium solidification conditions in AM lead to distinct microstructures, potentially resulting in varied properties compared to conventionally manufactured components. Understanding the correlation between AM-induced microstructures and the corrosion properties is crucial. Initial exploration focused on CX stainless steel (CX SS), fabricated through laser powder bed fusion. Subsequent studies evaluated the impact of heat treatment on CX SS components, comparing their corrosion behavior to wrought AISI 420-SS. Scrutiny extended to the electrochemical behavior of an interface between CX SS and wrought AISI 420 SS. Finally, nickel aluminum bronzes (NAB) fabricated via wire arc additive manufacturing were examined for their corrosion performance in as-built and heat-treated conditions, particularly relevant for biofouling resistance in marine and shipbuilding applications. Electrochemical tests, as well as microstructural characterization methods, revealed that the AM as-built CX SS exhibited superior corrosion resistance compared to conventionally manufactured martensitic stainless steel. Moreover, the anisotropic features developed during the AM process resulted in slight differences in corrosion behavior between the two sides of the AM CX SS samples. Furthermore, it was observed that hybrid samples of CX SS-420 SS showed higher corrosion resistance in the as-built state compared to their counterparts in the heat-treated condition. Additionally, the as-built WAAM NAB samples demonstrated higher corrosion resistance in the as-built state than those that underwent heat treatment.