There are over 8500 mine tailing storage facilities with the gross weight of 282.5 billion tons. These are waste dumps with less value and have been ignored for a while. The operating and maintenance costs of those facilities are not small, and they can be huge liability issues when a failure happens. It can be an environmental disaster and a huge negative impact to the company’s operations and social responsibility. However, it could be an opportunity to extract more metals. A few copper mine tailings have been tested using conventional mineral processing followed by bioleaching/biooxidation of sulfide concentrates. Metals associated with sulfides were upgraded up to 13 times, and the concentrates were microbially oxidized to extract from sulfide matrix. A mixture of mesophilic microorganisms was used for bioleaching. The extraction efficiency of metals was up to 93% from the concentrate. The ultimate goal is to eliminate all tailings produced by the metallurgical operation, and a holistic approach for mineral processing, chemical/biological metallurgy, water treatment, and value-added structural material fabrication has been investigated. A detailed flowsheet of the Entail Process™ was developed showing the benefits of using microbial treatment by biohydrometallurgy. One of the new processes is to fabricate value-added product called Geofoam™. Other than conventional geopolymerization, geofoam shows many physicochemical characteristics that can be used in different applications.