This chapter underscores the critical importance of comprehensive patient management alongside surgical expertise. Recognising that many patients may require preoperative optimisation due to illness-related deconditioning; the text emphasies early involvement of multidisciplinary teams including dieticians, physiotherapists, and anaesthetists to address nutritional and respiratory needs. Specialized counseling by dieticians and speech therapists is highlighted, particularly regarding adjustments post-procedure, such as modifying diets for patients with gastric or colonic conduits. Clear post-operative care pathways, including pain management and respiratory support guidelines, are stressed, along with the necessity for 24/7 access to interventional resources for managing complications. Lastly, the chapter underscores the significance of promptly identifying and addressing post-operative complications, emphasizing the principle of “failure to rescue” in optimizing patient outcomes.