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The no-cloning theorem states that an arbitrary quantum state cannot be copied from one qubit and duplicated on another qubit. We offer a proof of this theorem and illustrate how quantum states can be teleported between two qubits. The Bell and Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequalitiesClauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequalities are introduced and shown to be demonstrable features of entangled quantum systems. We discuss how the private key distribution problem is dealt with using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)quantum key distribution (QKD). The 84BB84 and Ekert protocolEkert protocols are examples of the latter, and we review and illustrate their implementation. We show how entangled states enable dense coding and offer a brief synopsis of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger GHZ states(GHZ) states and their application.

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No-Cloning Theorem, Quantum Teleportation and Spooky Correlations

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Bernard Zygelman

摘要

The no-cloning theorem states that an arbitrary quantum state cannot be copied from one qubit and duplicated on another qubit. We offer a proof of this theorem and illustrate how quantum states can be teleported between two qubits. The Bell and Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequalitiesClauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequalities are introduced and shown to be demonstrable features of entangled quantum systems. We discuss how the private key distribution problem is dealt with using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)quantum key distribution (QKD). The 84BB84 and Ekert protocolEkert protocols are examples of the latter, and we review and illustrate their implementation. We show how entangled states enable dense coding and offer a brief synopsis of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger GHZ states(GHZ) states and their application.