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This chapter describes current depolymerization methods and processes for plastic waste. It summarizes various approaches for depolymerization (thermal, chemical, enzymatic) and outlines the main principal reactions, reaction conditions, and other factors such as the composition and quality of the waste stream that influence the yield of the monomer. All relevant polymers ranging from polystyrene (PS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and fluoropolymers (PTFE) to polyesters (PET, PLA), polycarbonates (PC), polyacetals, polyamides, and polyurethanes are considered. Finally, an overview of devulcanization, reclaiming, and thermal depolymerization of rubbers has been provided. Technical system engineering aspects and (pilot) plants for depolymerization processes complete the chapter, together with an outlook on future challenges and directions for further development.

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Chemical Recycling: Monomers and Intermediates from Depolymerization Processes for the Chemical and Plastics Industry

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Pranav Majgaonkar,
  • Ronny Hanich-Spahn,
  • Norbert Niessner,
  • Elisabeth Töpel,
  • Steven de Meester,
  • Emelin Yhoany Luna Barrios,
  • Stefanie Eiden,
  • Frank Schönberger

摘要

This chapter describes current depolymerization methods and processes for plastic waste. It summarizes various approaches for depolymerization (thermal, chemical, enzymatic) and outlines the main principal reactions, reaction conditions, and other factors such as the composition and quality of the waste stream that influence the yield of the monomer. All relevant polymers ranging from polystyrene (PS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and fluoropolymers (PTFE) to polyesters (PET, PLA), polycarbonates (PC), polyacetals, polyamides, and polyurethanes are considered. Finally, an overview of devulcanization, reclaiming, and thermal depolymerization of rubbers has been provided. Technical system engineering aspects and (pilot) plants for depolymerization processes complete the chapter, together with an outlook on future challenges and directions for further development.