The use of molecular markersMolecular markers in sweetpotato spans first, second, and the more recent NGSNext-Generation Sequencing (NGS)-based (next-generation sequencing)Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) third-generation platforms. This attests to the long-term interest in sweetpotato as an economically important crop. The six homoeologous chromosomes of sweetpotato lead to complex inheritance patterns that require accurate estimation of allele dosage. The use of NGSNext-Generation Sequencing (NGS) for dosage-based genotyping marked a significant advancement in sweetpotato research. Analytical pipelines have emerged to handle dosage-based genotype datasets that account for complex patterns of inheritance polyploidPolyploids models. Recent approaches for dosage-based variant callingVariant calling leverage reference genomesReference genome of putative ancestral progenitors or haplotype-resolved reference genomeReference genome. Although pseudo-diploidized genotypes from second-generation platforms remain valuable for certain applications, especially when coarse genetic differentiation suffices, NGS-based genotyping offers a cost-effective, high-throughput, and cutting-edge alternative. Studies indicate that accurate dosage-based genotype datasets significantly enhance applications in linkage analysisLinkage analysis, genomeGenome-wide association analysis, and genomicGenomics prediction. The affordability of NGSNext-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has spurred the adoption of high-density and dosage-sensitive molecular markersMolecular markers. Notably, in the three decades of molecular markerMolecular markers utilization in sweetpotato, about half of the peer-reviewed publications have emerged within the last four years, predominantly based on third-generation marker platforms.