Bangladesh hosts around 1 million Rohingya refugees who fled their homes in Myanmar. This study was conducted to elucidate agency responses to curb the spread of COVID-19 with the active involvement of Rohingya volunteers at the Rohingya refugee camps of Cox’s Bazar district in Bangladesh. By adopting a qualitative research design, in-depth interviews were conducted with 49 Rohingya refugees and 42 humanitarian workers who had direct experience in serving the refugees during the first wave of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. Findings unveil that humanitarian agencies adopted the tactics of civic engagement through community-based volunteerism led by the Rohingya volunteers as a key strategy of risk communication and pandemic management. The volunteers and other refugees actively engaged in developing community awareness, strengthening civic engagement, and volunteering for camp-based emergency and non-emergency services. They disseminated COVID-19-related information, made people aware of community-based rumors and misconceptions, and counseled refugees with symptoms. The study concludes that volunteers had a significant contribution to developing civic responsibilities at refugee camps, which encouraged and motivated the refugees to participate in COVID-19-related health programs. It suggests that community engagement through community-based volunteers could be a useful model of civic engagement for pandemic or disaster management in disadvantaged communities.