In this book on the potential of microbes in effluent treatment and energy production, this chapter focuses on the synergistic approaches to enhance the remediation of toxic contaminants in effluents. Effective removal of variable toxic wastes (inorganic and organic) from industrial effluents is not possible with a preset spectrum of microbial agents. Various synergistic approaches are being tested across the globe wherein the metabolic degradation of toxic wastes by microbes is enhanced by physical support, chemical catalysis, or mechanical acceleration. The microbial remediation technology provides the advantage of removing unknown contaminants that cannot be optimally removed by conventional methods. Hence this chapter will deliberate the niche of microbes in the removal of toxic contaminants integrated with advanced technologies. The innovative technologies coupled with microbial remediation are the advanced oxidation process (AOP), microbial fuel cells (MFCs), biogenic nanoparticles, membrane systems, and plant–microbe synergism. All these integrated technologies have proved to be better than their counterparts. The chapter also discusses the pros and cons of these strategies and suggests ways to optimize the cost-effectiveness of these synergistic strategies.