The urgent need to address global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has spurred the development of innovative bio-green technologies that capture and sequester CO2 from various sources and leverage this captured carbon for sustainable energy generation. This abstract explores the paradigm of harnessing nature-inspired processes to sequester CO2 and concurrently produce renewable energy, contributing to both carbon reduction and energy sustainability. Innovative bio-green technologies encompass diverse approaches that capitalise on natural processes, such as photosynthesis and microbial metabolism, to sequester CO2 while creating valuable energy products. This abstract delves into the conceptual foundation of these technologies, outlining how they integrate principles from biology, chemistry, and engineering to achieve a harmonious balance between environmental benefits and energy needs. The abstract discusses vital techniques, including bioelectrochemical systems, algal biorefineries, and microbial electrosynthesis, which utilise living organisms to drive CO2 sequestration and energy production. These technologies leverage the inherent capabilities of microorganisms and plants to capture CO2, convert it into biofuels, chemicals, and electricity, and contribute to a circular carbon economy. Furthermore, the abstract highlights the role of advanced materials, such as nanostructured catalysts and electrode materials, in enhancing the efficiency and scalability of bio-green technologies. These materials catalyse electrochemical reactions, enabling higher conversion rates and optimising energy production. These bio-green technologies’ societal and environmental implications are discussed, emphasising their potential to address multiple sustainability challenges simultaneously. By converting CO2 emissions into valuable energy resources, these approaches mitigate climate change, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and promote a more resilient energy infrastructure. Challenges such as system integration, scalability, and economic viability are acknowledged, underscoring the importance of continued research and development. Collaboration between academia, industry, and policymakers is essential to advance these technologies from the laboratory to large-scale implementation. In conclusion, this chapter underscores the transformative potential of innovative bio-green technologies in sequestering carbon dioxide while simultaneously meeting energy demands. By mimicking and enhancing natural processes, these technologies bridge the gap between environmental preservation and sustainable energy generation. As the global imperative for carbon reduction intensifies, these bio-green solutions offer a promising pathway towards a more sustainable and resilient future.