Given the crucial role powerfuels are poised to play in a future defossilized energy system and in achieving ambitious climate targets, it is vital to ensure that they live up to their “promised” or envisioned sustainability characteristics. Against this background, the purpose of this chapter is to both describe important sustainability characteristics of powerfuels and show how they are considered in the current landscape of sustainability certification schemes. After an overview of the current regulatory situation for powerfuels and the basic functioning of sustainability certification schemes, different sustainability aspects for powerfuels are analysed in more detail with a focus on those aspects and criteria that are considered most relevant based on ongoing sustainability discussions and their inclusion in major regulatory and voluntary frameworks. Importantly, the chapter will discuss how each of the sustainability aspects is currently reflected in major framework certification frameworks that are expected to be particularly relevant in the years to come.