The production of carbohydrates via Power-to-X processes generally, and the synthesis of Power-to-Liquid fuels more specifically, requires a carbon feedstock. In order to close the carbon cycle and yield low- or zero-emission fuels, the carbon source needs to be regenerative. In that context, direct capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from ambient air represents an ubiquitous and scalable option. As of today, however, this process is associated with a low technological maturity and significant techno-economic uncertainty. Against this background, the following chapter aims to introduce the general principle, provide an overview on different technological approaches and current research directions, and briefly discuss cost perspectives.