The research on forest fires in the high Andean ecosystems near the Misti volcano in Arequipa is constrained, resulting in misunderstandings regarding fire management in these areas and indiscriminate fires that exert detrimental impacts on these ecosystems. To address this concern, an assessment was conducted over time to evaluate the loss of vegetative cover, fauna, and soil quality due to forest fires. The study focused on two areas, one covering 5,214.624 ha for the evaluation of vegetative cover and fire severity using satellite remote sensing and analysis of indices such as NDVI and NBR, and another area of 1 ha to assess flora, fauna, and soil quality. The results revealed that forest fires have a short-term negative impact on vegetative cover, but tend to recover over time, especially during the rainy seasons. However, some flora species such as “Polylepis tripartita”, “Polylepis rugulosa” and “Cantua candelilla”, exhibit very slow regeneration and are replaced by fast-growing vegetation, thereby reducing diversity over the years. Fauna undergoes short-term habitat degradation but recovers within a few months. Regarding the soil, no excessive levels of absorbable chemical elements were found, but water infiltration decreased in burned areas after nearly two years.