The severe ramifications of abrupt collapses in sports affect not only the athletes directly involved but also broader sporting communities and populations. Some athletes have preexisting medical conditions that heighten their susceptibility to collapsing or fainting during sports activities. These conditions may encompass cardiac abnormalities, arrhythmias, structural heart disorders, or other undiagnosed health issues. Nevertheless, extensive clinical evaluations before and after such collapses often reveal no abnormalities during pre-participation screenings. Competitive sports involving rigorous physical exertion and prolonged activities, like long-distance running, cycling, or triathlons, are more prone to experiencing collapse and syncope. This can be ascribed to factors such as dehydration, heat exhaustion, and excessive cardiovascular strain. It is of paramount importance to comprehend the underlying causes and establish effective preventive strategies to protect the athletes’ well-being. Addressing the issue of sudden collapse in athletes is critical for ensuring athlete safety, averting catastrophic events, upholding sports’ integrity, managing psychological impacts, considering legal and ethical implications, promoting sustained athlete development, and garnering public support. This chapter particularly focuses on cardiovascular pathologies as the main cause and explores some reversible factors contributing to sudden collapses in sports, including exertion-related problems. Moreover, it delves into preventive measures like pre-participation screenings, prevention strategies, and emergency response planning.