Clavicular Fractures in Athletes
摘要
Clavicle fractures are a prevalent concern in the field of orthopaedics, constituting approximately 5% of all fractures encountered. It is noteworthy that sports activities account for a substantial portion, specifically 45%, of these fractures, predominantly occurring due to high-velocity impacts and collisions during athletic endeavors. These fractures can be effectively classified into three distinct sections based on the Allman classification, with each category displaying its own set of unique characteristics, thereby necessitating tailored management strategies. When it comes to undisplaced clavicle fractures, irrespective of their location along the clavicle, the preferred approach typically leans towards conservative treatment. This choice is rooted in the favorable union rates and the positive functional outcomes associated with such fractures. In contrast, displaced clavicle fractures pose a significantly higher risk of non-union if managed non-operatively. For instance, middle clavicle fractures exhibit a non-union rate of approximately 15%, while displaced distal clavicle fractures demonstrate an even higher non-union rate, hovering around 40%. For athletes who sustain clavicle fractures, surgical intervention emerges as the recommended course of action. This approach has demonstrated remarkable success, with union rates reaching an impressive 99%. Furthermore, it offers superior early functional outcomes and facilitates a high rate of return to pre-injury athletic levels. It is worth mentioning that the most common complication associated with surgical fixation is implant irritation, necessitating removal in roughly 10% of cases.